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US_22: Heraldic Panel Melchior Balthasar and Jakobea Segesser
(USA_LosAngeles_LACMA_US_22)

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Title

Heraldic Panel Melchior Balthasar and Jakobea Segesser

Type of Object
Dimensions
67.3 x 50.8 cm (26 ½ x 20 in.)
Artist / Producer
Dating
1662
Location
Inventory Number
45.21.29
Research Project
Author and Date of Entry
Virginia C. Raguin 2024

Iconography

Description

Arms of husband and wife are set within an elaborate baroque architectural frame. The shields are surmounted by barred helms with rich mantling of the heraldic colors. Their crests are silhouetted against white and yellow ribboned grounds and they rest on an orange and black checkered floor. At the sides, framed by columns, are the name saints of the donors. To the left is Balthazar, one of the Three Magi, who carries a scepter and a covered cup. He wears a gold mantle with an ermine collar over a purple robe and blue boots with a yellow trim. To the right is Mary Jacobea, also known as Mary Cleophas, who carries an unguent jar. She wears a white wimple, blue blouse, white skirt and purple mantle. A red and blue entablature at the top supports an open balustrade. In the center is a boss with a head wearing a turban. The lower third of the panel is occupied by the inscription panel. Angels flank a rectangular text on uncolored glass within a three-dimensional decorative border of blue embellished with yellow scrolls and a red boss.

Iconclass Code
46A122(BALTHASAR) · armorial bearing, heraldry (BALTHASAR)
46A122(SEGESSER) · armorial bearing, heraldry (SEGESSER)
73B57 · adoration of the kings: the Wise Men present their gifts to the Christ-child (gold, frankincense and myrrh)
Iconclass Keywords
adoration · coat of arms · gift · gold · heraldry · incense · myrrh · offering · spice
Heraldry

Arms of Balthasar, Melchior: azure, a triangle argent and within another triangle inverted of the same between three stars of six points or; crest on a barred helm to sinister a wreath of the colors and thereon a demi-man garbed in the first and charged upon his breast as the field; mantling of the first and third
Arms of Segesser, Jakobea: sable, a scythe blade argent a bordure or; crest on a barred helm to dexter a wreath of the colors and thereon a pair of scythe blades addorsed of the second; mantling of the colors. The arms are canting (speaking) arms using a play on words; sägesse can mean scythe.

Inscription

Hr. Melchior Balthasar alt Sek-/elmeister und des Jnneren Rhats Lobl:/ Statt Lucern. Fr. Jacobea Sägisserin/ sein Ehegm: 1662
(Mr. Melchior Balthasar, treasurer and member of the Inner Council of the praiseworthy city of Lucerne, Mrs. Jacobea Segesser his wedded wife 1662)

Signature

none

Materials, Technique and State of Preservation

Technique

The panels are composed of uncolored glass with silver stain, sanguine, and blue, green, purple, and pink enamel. Enamel colors are applied with an even consistency. The painter makes consistent use of uniform mat washes that are then enhanced through the addition of trace and an additional medium wash, as well as varied stick work. Backpainting appears most often as a solid matte to emphasize a darker shade.

State of Preservations and Restorations

When examined by the author in 2009, the leading was extremely fragile; there were a number of unmended cracks, as well as numerous repair leads. The panel, however, is intact, with almost no corrosion or weathering.

History

Research

Between 1662 and 1669, a series of panels was apparently created for the Lucerne Rathaus by Jakob Geilinger the Elder (1611–1677), a prominent painter in mid-seventeenth century Lucerne (Lehmann, 1942, pp. 200–210, figs. 285, 286; Habegger, 2001, pp. 103–106). Despite the repeated format, they are lively and varied. The donors are honored by the display of lineage, and at the same time invoke piety through the presence of patron saints. The inscription names the man as a member of the Inneren Rhats (Inner Council) of the Praiseworthy City of Lucerne and a number of the families appear to be interrelated. Melchior Balthasar (1596–1661) was a merchant in transportation, wholesaling, and the official wine trade. His first marriage was to Anna Maria von Castanea with whom he had seven children. In 1647 he married Maria Jakobea III Segesser von Baldegg, then aged fifty. He apparently was a patron of a country church St. Jost in Blatten, Malters, five kilometers west of Lucerne, which he also embellished with a heraldic shield.

Flanking the shields stand the presenters. On the left is King Balthazar with a gold-rayed nimbus, crown, scepter and covered cup. Melchior is traditionally presented as the eldest of the Three Magi, who knelt first before the Christ Child and offered him the gift of gold (Kehrer, 1908, p. 66; quoting Collectana et flores, Basileae, 1563, vol. 3, p. 649; Réau, 1955–59, II/2, pp. 236–55, which cites the tradition of a gift of insense; Herder Lexikon, 1968–76, 6, cols. 97–98). The Magi were highly venerated in Germanic custom. Their relics were believed to have been discovered by St. Helena, the mother of Constantine, who took them to Constantinople, from which they traveled to Milan. After the defeat of Milan by Frederick Barbarossa, the relics of the Magi were transferred to Cologne by Archbishop Reinhold von Dassel in 1164. The great shrine of the Three Kings produced by Nicolas of Verdun between 1198 and 1206 is venerated to this day. On the right stands St. Mary Jacobea with a gold rayed nimbus and ointment jar. Mary Jacobea is another name for Mary Cleophas, one of the Virgin Mary’s half-sisters. She formed part of the "Holy Kindred" based on the belief that St. Anne, the mother of the Virgin, had two additional marriages. In some accounts, Mary Cleophas is credited with four sons who became Christ’s disciples, James the Less, Joseph the Just, Simon, and Jude (Réau, 1955–59, II/2, pp. 141–46; Herder Lexikon, 1968–76, 7, col. 515; Golden Legend, Ryan, 1993, vol. II, p. 150). Her four boys are depicted with her in the east window, dated 1470, Holy Trinity Church Goodramgate, York.

Cited in:
LACMA Quarterly, 1945, pp. 5–10.
Normile, 1946, pp. 43–44.
Hayward, 1989, p. 81.
Raguin, 2024, vol. 1, pp. 246–53.

Dating
1662
Commissioner

Balthasar, Melchior · Segesser, Jakobea

Previous Location
Rathaus, Luzern · Grosser Ratssaal
Place of Manufacture
Previous Owner

The panel was in the dealership of the Charles Gallery, New York, before being acquired by William Randolph Hearst (notes on Hearst Inventory 1943). Hearst donated the panel to the museum in 1943; it was accessioned in 1945.

Bibliography and Sources

Literature

Habegger, U. (2001). Jahrbuch der Historischen Gesellschaft Luzern 19.

Hayward, J. (1989). Stained Glass before 1700 in American Collections: Midwestern and Western States. Corpus Vitrearum Checklist III, ed. and intro. Madeline H. Caviness and Jane Hayward (Studies in the History of Art, 28), Washington, 1989.

Herder Lexikon (1968-76). Lexikon der christlichen Ikonographie, ed. Engelbert Kirschbaum, 8 vols., Rome.

LACMA Quarterly 1945: "The William Randolph Hearst Collection of Medieval and Renaissance Stained and Painted Glass," Quarterly of the Los Angeles County Museum, vol. 4 nos. 3, 4 (Fall, Winter).

Lehmann, H. (1941). Geschichte der Luzerner Glasmalerei von den Anfängen bis zu Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts. Luzern.

Raguin, V. (2024). Stained Glass before 1700 in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the J. Paul Getty Museum, (Corpus Vitrearum United States IX). 2 vols. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.

Réau, L. (1955-59). Iconographie de l'art chrétien, Paris.

Ryan, W. G. (1993). trans., Jacobus de Voragine, The Golden Legend: Readings on the Saints, Princeton NJ.

Shlikevich, E. (2010). Swiss stained glass from the 16th–18th centuries in the Hermitage collection. Ausstellungskatalog Eremitage St. Petersburg 6. Juli–3. Oktober 2010, St. Petersburg: Eremitage (Text russisch).

Unpublished sources: Hearst Inventory 1943, no. 254; Hayward Report 1978; Sibyll Kummer-Rothenhäusler, notes, CV USA, with identification of Lucerne; Rolf Hasler and Uta Bergmann, CV Switzerland, 2016-2020, consultation and research for author; Barbara Giesicke, Badenweiler, Germany, 2020, consultation with author; Philipp von Segesser, Lucerne, 2020, communication of personal photographs and information concerning historical context of the families represented.

Image Information

Name of Image
USA_LosAngeles_LACMA_US_22
Credits
Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles CA, www.lacma.org
Link to the original photo
Copyright
Public Domain

Citation suggestion

Raguin, V., C. (2024). Heraldic Panel Melchior Balthasar and Jakobea Segesser. In Vitrosearch. Retrieved June 4, 2025 from https://test.vitrosearch.ch/objects/2721051.

Record Information

Reference Number
US_22