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US_51: Heraldic Panel Law Council of Lottstetten
(USA_Baltimore_WaltersArtMuseum_US_51)

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Titre

Heraldic Panel Law Council of Lottstetten

Type d'objet
Dimensions
42.3 x 32.4 cm (16 5/8 x 12 3/4 in.)
Artiste
Datation
1605
Lieu
Numéro d'inventaire
46.64
Projet de recherche
Auteur·e et date de la notice
Virginia C. Raguin 2024

Iconographie

Description

In the central panel, the Law Council meets within a room glazed with butzenscheiben (bulls’-eye window panes). One man sits in an elaborate chair in the center holding his staff of office and across from him another takes notes. Ten additional men, all dressed alike are seated, five to the right and five to the left. Two men appear at the front and gesture, the one on the right dressed in blue, the single point of color in the monochromatic rendering of the scene. At the sides of the panel, coats of arms appear in a variety of colors, six on each side. Council members’ names, most followed by the designation Richter (judge) appear above their arms. Directly above the council scene, is the devotional image of the Virgin and Child on a crescent moon flanked by angels. Below her is a coat of arms and an inscription naming the mayor. Below the council scene is a larger inscription framed by scrolls that presents another coat of arms and gives the date. All told, fourteen men are commemorated by their arms.

Code Iconclass
44G1211 · salle d'audience, prétoire
44G13 · magistrature, juges
46A122(EGGER) · armoiries, héraldique (EGGER)
46A122(EINBERGER) · armoiries, héraldique (EINBERGER)
46A122(KUEBLER) · armoiries, héraldique (KUEBLER)
46A122(RUEEGGER) · armoiries, héraldique (RUEEGGER)
46A122(STERCK) · armoiries, héraldique (STERCK)
Mot-clés Iconclass
Héraldique

Arms of Einberger, Johann Martin: Azure, in chief between the letters H and EB or a cross its curved footing extended as an enhanced barrulet humetty argent, in base four mullets or (1, 2 and 1).
Arms of ..., Hans: Azure a baton sinister or, in base a hunting horn or.
Left from top: Azure a spearhead argent, a triple mount (Hans Martin Kubler) / Tenne a sickle proper between the letters I and E or, in base a cross argent between two mullets or (Johannes Egger) / Gules two mullets or, in chief the letters V and R argent, in base a larger mullet or (Ulerich Rem) / Azure a compass and a mallet argent, in base a mullet or (Michel Rem) / Gules in chief a mullet or between the letters I and K argent, in base the letter W or (Johannes Ruegger) / Azure four pruning knives(?) proper forming a cross, cantonne by four triangles argent (Michel Stamher)
Right from top: Azure the letter M or cantonné by four triangles argent (1, 2 and 1) (Franz Kubler) / Azure a hammer or in pale between two half plates (?), in chief the letters I and M argent ([. . .] Merckht) / Gules in sinister canton a mullet or, another in base (dexter area restored) ([ . . ]bar Sterck) / Azure a hammer(?) in pale and two pruning knives (?) in saltire all proper charged by an interlaced annulet argent (unidentified) / Gules a crossbow argent between two fermaux, in base two mullets or (unidentified) / Azure a patriarchal cross or (unidentified)

Inscription

Hr: Johann Martin Ein/ berger disser Zeit Vogt Zu Lottstetten (Center top. Johann Martin Einberger, current mayor of Lottstetten)
Hans [.] ushterh,g[. . . ]iener (Below central scene. Hans [illegible])
Hans Martin Kübler geschworner (Hans Martin Kübler, sworn) / Johannes Egger geschworner (Johan Egger, sworn) / Ulerich Remm Richter (Ulrich Rem (Rehm, Remm), judge) / Michel Remm Richter (Michel Rem (Rehm, Remm), judge) / Johannes Rüegger Richter (Johannes Rüegger, judge / Michel Stammher Richter (Michel Stammherr, judge)(Left from top)
Franz Kübler grichts schreber (Franz Kübler, judgment recorder) / [ . . . ] Merckht Richter ([ . . . ] Merckht, judge) / [ .. ]bar Sterck Richter ([ .. ]bar Sterck, judge) / Lienhart Richter (Lienhart, judge) / [ . . . ] strub geschworner (sworn) / M[ . . . ]ht geschworner (sworn)(Right from top)

Signature

none

Matériaux, technique et état de conservation

Technique

The panel is composed entirely of uncolored glass enhanced by red, blue, green, and purple enamel, with silver stain and vitreous paint.

Etat de conservation et restaurations

Mending leads appear throughout the panel but do not mar legibility. There are two minor stopgaps and one replacement in the shield of Sterck on the right. The breaks in the lower right of the figural panel are mended, but retain their original glass.

Historique de l'oeuvre

Recherche

This lively scene of members of a law court, called a Gerichtsscheibe, is a characteristic type of Swiss society panel of the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In a broad view of Swiss glazing history, Paul Boesch (Boesch, 1955) notes different types of Gerichtsscheiben found in both rectangular and circular form, including the law court in session, the law court in convivial setting, and personifications. Most common is the court in session, such as the rectangular panel of the Law Court of Niederbussnang, of 1591 (TG_91; artist Wolfgang Breny, Thurgau History Museum, Frauenfeld). Niederbussnang’s panel shows the plaintiffs before a table surrounded by members of the court; one member keeps notes of the proceedings. The bird’s eye-perspective of the room, looking down on the proceedings, is similar to that employed for the Walters’ Lottstetten panel. See also a panel dated 1597 of the Law Court of Tablat (a region east of the city of St. Gallen). Featuring eleven coats of arms, the Tablat scene shows two plaintiffs who have inspired a lively debate among five of the members while others either take notes or observe (Historisches Museum St. Gallen; Egli, 1927), pp. 41–45, no. 93, fig. 15).
The Lottstetten panel depicts the Virgin Mary on a crescent triumphing over the serpent of evil at the top, an image inspired by John’s vision (Revelation 12). This is a clear indication of the adherence of the town to Catholicism in the era of Reformation challenges. Directly below her is the name of Johann Martin Einberger, the mayor of the town. Lottstetten lies in the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg in Germany on the border with Switzerland. To the west, south and east of the town lies the Rhine and Swiss territory. At this time in small towns in Switzerland and Germany, municipal service was not a life-long occupation. Members elected/appointed to limited terms also exercised other professions at the same time. Thus, the commemoration of a group of individuals serving their community at a specific time was important.

Cited in:
Hayward, Kummer-Rothenhäusler, & Raguin, 1987, p. 66.
Hayward, Kummer-Rothenhäusler, & Raguin, 1989, p. 311.

Datation
1605
Commanditaire / Donateur·trice

Lottstetten, Law Council

Sites antérieures

Provenance

Propriétaire précédent·e

unknown

Bibliographie et sources

Bibliographie

Boesch, P. (1955). Die Schweizer Glasmalerei. Basel : Birkhäuser Verlag.

Egli, J. (1927). Die Glasgemälde des Historischen Museum in St. Gallen, part 2, (67 Neujahsblatt herausgegeben vom Historischen Verein des Kantons St. Gallen) St. Gallen.

Hayward, J., Kummer-Rothenhäusler, S., & Raguin, V. (1987). in Stained Glass before 1700 in American Collections: Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern Seaboard States. Corpus Vitrearum Checklist II, ed. and intro. Madeline H. Caviness and Jane Hayward (Studies in the History of Art, 23). Washington DC.

Hayward, J., Kummer-Rothenhäusler, S., & Raguin, V. (1989). Stained Glass before 1700 in American Collections: Midwestern and Western States. with Addenda and Corrigenda, Corpus Vitrearum Checklist III, ed. and intro. Madeline H. Caviness and Jane Hayward (Studies in the History of Art, 28). Washington DC.

Unpublished sources: Rolf Hasler, 2020-2023 consultation.

Informations sur l'image

Nom de l'image
USA_Baltimore_WaltersArtMuseum_US_51
Crédits photographiques
The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland USA
Lien vers l'image originale
Copyright
Public Domain

Proposition de citation

Raguin, V., C. (2024). Heraldic Panel Law Council of Lottstetten. Dans Vitrosearch. Consulté le 1 juillet 2025 de https://test.vitrosearch.ch/objects/2721080.

Informations sur l’enregistrement

Numéro de référence
US_51